Gastroesophageal reflux disease occurs in up to 50% of pregnant women. As in the non-pregnant patients, reflux occurs when there is a decrease in lower esophageal sphincter pressure or an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. The two major factors that promote gastroesophageal reflux in pregnant women are changes in hormones and the growing fetus. Changes in levels of estrogen and progesterone result in a decrease in the lower esophageal... Further reading...
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